Statutory
Instruments
Statutory instruments are laws created by individual
government ministers. They will usually be amendments to current laws that need
updating or changing. One example of this type of Statutory Instrument is
Section 17 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 which made motorbike helmets compulsory
by law for motorbike riders. However, Statutory Instruments can be used to
create new laws altogether. The minister of the topic involved will draw up the
legislation. For example the Secretary of State for Education created the
Educational Reform Act 1988. Because he was minister for education it was up to
him to use his department to research and draft this law.
Bylaws
When parliament lacks local or technical knowledge they give
the power to make laws to public bodies and local authorities like local
councils or universities. For example the London Underground used parliamentary
powers to ban smoking on its property.
Orders in
Council
Following the 1920 Emergency powers act the monarch and the Privy
Council powers to make laws in emergencies. The privy council is made up of the
queen, 300 past and present ministers, the speaker of the House of Commons, the
leaders of all the major political parties and the PM or representative for
him. An example of an Order in Council was when on September 11 2001 they
grounded all UK flights in case of a terrorist attack.
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